26The toolbox
The short version: Four calculators for the sums people do on napkins at load-in: how close the crowd can stand to an LED wall, how many DMX universes a rig needs, how long ears can take a given level, and how many amps a load will pull. They are planning aids, built from the rules of thumb and limits cited in this guide - not a substitute for the vendor, the venue or the electrician.
Napkin maths
Four calculators
LED viewing distance
Rules from Planar
DMX universes
512 channels per universe, per ESTA Technical Standards Program (ANSI E1.11)
Power draw
80% loading and headroom from Ticket Fairy
Estimates for planning conversations. Vendors, venues and licensed electricians have the final word.